What's normal in one country can count against you in another. Before applying abroad, check these customs. They're general guidance: if a job ad asks for something specific, follow the ad.
United Kingdom and Ireland
No photo, age or marital status.
Two pages at most, in British English.
A short cover letter is common.
United States and Canada
Called a résumé, usually one page.
No photo, age, nationality or marital status.
Strong focus on achievements with numbers.
Germany, Austria and Switzerland
A photo is common and the layout very structured (Lebenslauf).
Certificates and references from previous jobs are often attached.
Exact dates (month and year) for each role.
France and Portugal
Photo common in France, optional in Portugal.
One page is the norm in France.
Europass is accepted but not always preferred by private companies.
Spain
Photo optional but frequent.
One or two pages.
No need for age, marital status or ID number.
Latin America
Photo is common.
One or two pages; some sectors ask for age, though you don't have to give it.
Languages and willingness to travel are valued.
Netherlands and the Nordics
Short, direct, no frills.
Photo optional; a complete LinkedIn profile helps.
Personal but professional tone in the cover letter.
FAQ
Should I use Europass?
It's useful for public bodies and some EU processes, but private companies usually prefer your own shorter, tailored CV.
Which language should my CV be in?
The language of the job ad, even if the company is based elsewhere.
Do I need to translate my degree?
Translate the degree name and, for regulated professions, say whether it's recognised in that country.